On Tuesday, the Chinese Finance Ministry declared it will implement new tariffs of 15% on U.S. coal and liquefied natural gas imports starting February 10. Additionally, duties on American crude oil, agricultural machinery, and select vehicles will increase by 10%. This move follows the recent U.S. tariffs on Chinese products, intensifying fears of a renewed trade war between the two largest global economies.
In response to the U.S.'s additional 10% tariffs, China criticized these measures as a serious breach of World Trade Organization norms, disrupting normal economic and trade exchanges.
Further, the Chinese Commerce Ministry and customs officials will impose export controls on essential minerals such as tungsten and molybdenum, adding another layer to the trade dispute.
Louise Loo, China lead economist at Oxford Economics, referred to China’s tariff hike as largely symbolic for now, estimating it could increase the effective tariff rate on U.S. imports into China by nearly 2 percentage points. However, Loo warned that this could be the beginning of another prolonged trade conflict, with a strong possibility of additional tariffs from both nations.
As these announcements unfolded, the Chinese yuan showed minimal fluctuations against the U.S. dollar. China’s financial markets have been closed for the Lunar New Year and will reopen Wednesday.
Simultaneously, China's State Administration of Market Regulation announced an investigation into Alphabet's Google for potential anti-monopoly law violations, despite Google's reduced presence in China since 2010.
Analysts suggest these actions serve as a caution that China is prepared to counteract U.S. policies but also leave room for negotiation. Julian Evans-Pritchard from Capital Economics noted that these tariffs could be delayed or withdrawn, and the Google probe might conclude without penalties.
Amid these tensions, U.S. President Donald Trump has agreed to a temporary halt of his planned 25% tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico, focusing instead on combating illicit fentanyl trafficking. No similar concession was extended to China, highlighting the complex geopolitical landscape affecting U.S.-China trade relations.
As Trump begins his second term, his administration continues to scrutinize Beijing's adherence to the trade agreements established in his first term. This ongoing evaluation, due to conclude by April 1, could prompt further tariff measures.